Articles | Volume 4, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-567-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-567-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Jul 2023
Research article |
| 04 Jul 2023
| 04 Jul 2023
The relationship between extra-tropical cyclone intensity and precipitation in idealised current and future climates
Victoria A. Sinclair
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
Jennifer L. Catto
Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Cited
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Synoptic-Scale Forcing and Its Role in a Rare Severe Rainfall Event over the UAE: A Case Study of 15–16 April 2024 N. AlShamsi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16111267
- The importance of diabatic processes for the dynamics of synoptic-scale extratropical weather systems – a review H. Wernli & S. Gray https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1299-2024
- Quantifying the Contribution of Tropical Cyclones to Precipitation Variability in Northern South America (2016–2025) H. Arregocés & N. Fuentes Molina https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13060331
- Identifying controls of extratropical cyclone intensity at genesis time and during intensification in the North Atlantic and Europe J. Cornér et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-873-2026
- A modeling framework for assessing compound impacts of storm surges and riverine floods on inundation in ungauged coastal catchments of Central Vietnam M. Trinh & Q. Nguyen https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2025.2564798
- Relating extratropical atmospheric heat transport to cyclone life cycle characteristics and numbers in Southern Hemispheric winter J. Zibell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-659-2026
- The intensification of the strongest nor’easters K. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2510029122
- The observed evolution of sub‐daily to multi‐day heavy precipitation in Switzerland V. Bauer & S. Scherrer https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.1240
- Unravelling wind-driven impact of storm clusters, a case study for the insurer Generali France L. Hasbini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-2817-2026
- Global characterisation of the vertical temperature anomaly structure of heat extremes over land in ERA5 B. Hotz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1875-2026
- Impacts of climate change on the fate of contaminants through extreme weather events S. Bolan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168388
- The impact of IPOD on boreal midsummer extratropical cyclones accompanied by torrential rains in Central and Eastern China M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8365
- Synoptic systems influence the effectiveness of spectral nudging in high-resolution simulations of extreme precipitation D. Kwon et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01224-4
- Global representation of extratropical cyclone precipitation and future trends in CMIP6 models M. Jucker et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.5010
- Characteristics of diabatically influenced cyclones with high wind damage potential in Europe S. Christ et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.70083
- Classification of North Atlantic and European extratropical cyclones using multiple measures of intensity J. Cornér et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-207-2025
- Interhemispheric perspective on the most extreme surface winds in the storm tracks A. Stanković et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1507-2026
- Baroclinic Wave Simulation Ensemble: a Machine Learning ready dataset C. Bouvier et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-06089-z
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Synoptic-Scale Forcing and Its Role in a Rare Severe Rainfall Event over the UAE: A Case Study of 15–16 April 2024 N. AlShamsi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16111267
- The importance of diabatic processes for the dynamics of synoptic-scale extratropical weather systems – a review H. Wernli & S. Gray https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1299-2024
- Quantifying the Contribution of Tropical Cyclones to Precipitation Variability in Northern South America (2016–2025) H. Arregocés & N. Fuentes Molina https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13060331
- Identifying controls of extratropical cyclone intensity at genesis time and during intensification in the North Atlantic and Europe J. Cornér et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-873-2026
- A modeling framework for assessing compound impacts of storm surges and riverine floods on inundation in ungauged coastal catchments of Central Vietnam M. Trinh & Q. Nguyen https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2025.2564798
- Relating extratropical atmospheric heat transport to cyclone life cycle characteristics and numbers in Southern Hemispheric winter J. Zibell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-659-2026
- The intensification of the strongest nor’easters K. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2510029122
- The observed evolution of sub‐daily to multi‐day heavy precipitation in Switzerland V. Bauer & S. Scherrer https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.1240
- Unravelling wind-driven impact of storm clusters, a case study for the insurer Generali France L. Hasbini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-2817-2026
- Global characterisation of the vertical temperature anomaly structure of heat extremes over land in ERA5 B. Hotz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1875-2026
- Impacts of climate change on the fate of contaminants through extreme weather events S. Bolan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168388
- The impact of IPOD on boreal midsummer extratropical cyclones accompanied by torrential rains in Central and Eastern China M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8365
- Synoptic systems influence the effectiveness of spectral nudging in high-resolution simulations of extreme precipitation D. Kwon et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01224-4
- Global representation of extratropical cyclone precipitation and future trends in CMIP6 models M. Jucker et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.5010
- Characteristics of diabatically influenced cyclones with high wind damage potential in Europe S. Christ et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.70083
- Classification of North Atlantic and European extratropical cyclones using multiple measures of intensity J. Cornér et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-207-2025
- Interhemispheric perspective on the most extreme surface winds in the storm tracks A. Stanković et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1507-2026
- Baroclinic Wave Simulation Ensemble: a Machine Learning ready dataset C. Bouvier et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-06089-z
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 23 Oct 2026
Short summary
We studied the relationship between the strength of mid-latitude cyclones and their precipitation, how this may change in the future, and whether it depends of the type of cyclone. The relationship between cyclone strength and precipitation increases in warmer climates and depends strongly on the type of cyclone. For some cyclone types there is no relation between cyclone strength and precipitation. For all cyclone types, precipitation increases with uniform warming and polar amplification.
We studied the relationship between the strength of mid-latitude cyclones and their...
