Weather and Climate Dynamics
Weather and Climate Dynamics
WCD
Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
Research article
 | 
07 Jan 2025
Research article |  | 07 Jan 2025

Simulating record-shattering cold winters of the beginning of the 21st century in France

Camille Cadiou and Pascal Yiou

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Short summary
Extreme cold winter temperatures in Europe have huge societal impacts. This study focuses on extreme cold events, such as the winter of 1963 in France, which are expected to become rarer due to climate change. We use a light and efficient rare-event algorithm to simulate a large number of extreme cold winters over France to analyse their characteristics. We find that despite fewer occurrences, their intensity remains steady. We analyse prevailing atmospheric circulation during these events.
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