Articles | Volume 2, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-631-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-631-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
On the occurrence of strong vertical wind shear in the tropopause region: a 10-year ERA5 northern hemispheric study
Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Daniel Kunkel
Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Peter Hoor
Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Cited
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tropopause Pressure Levels (TPLs) Across the Northern Hemisphere H. Asakereh & S. Zandkarimi https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2
- Exploring ozone variability in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using dynamical coordinates L. Millán et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7927-2024
- Analysis of Turbulence Reports and ERA5 Turbulence Diagnostics in a Tropopause‐Based Vertical Framework T. Kaluza et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100036
- Multi-parameter dynamical diagnostics for upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric studies L. Millán et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2957-2023
- Transport of Biomass Burning Aerosol into the Extratropical Tropopause Region over Europe via Warm Conveyor Belt Uplift P. Joppe et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15077-2025
- Contribution of gravity waves to shear in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere: insights from idealized baroclinic life cycle experiments M. Umbarkar & D. Kunkel https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10159-2025
- Influence of radiosonde observations on the sharpness and altitude of the midlatitude tropopause in the ECMWF IFS K. Krüger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-491-2024
- Evidence of gravity wave contribution to vertical shear and mixing in the lower stratosphere M. Umbarkar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-12067-2026
- Studies on the propagation dynamics and source mechanism of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves observed over São Martinho da Serra (29° S, 53° W), Brazil C. Wrasse et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5405-2024
- Gravity-wave-induced cross-isentropic mixing: a DEEPWAVE case study H. Lachnitt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-355-2023
- Simulated mixing in the UTLS by small-scale turbulence using multi-scale chemistry-climate model MECO(n) C. Chau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13123-2025
- Long-term changes in the thermodynamic structure of the lowermost stratosphere inferred from reanalysis data F. Weyland et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1227-2025
- Characteristics of the vertical distributions of atmospheric turbulence under different tropopause structures over the Kansu Corridor in early winter K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ae7a00
- Impact of cirrus on extratropical tropopause structure N. Emig et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13077-2025
- Occurrence frequency of subcritical Richardson numbers assessed by global high-resolution radiosonde and ERA5 reanalysis J. Shao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12589-2023
- Parametrizing the mixing by clear air turbulence in the chemistry climate model EMAC and its respective radiative impact C. Chau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3637-2026
- The influence of extratropical cross-tropopause mixing on the correlation between ozone and sulfate aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere P. Joppe et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7499-2024
- The Impacts of Gravity Waves and Wind Shear on the Lifecycle of Cirrus Clouds in the Tropical Tropopause Layer E. Jensen et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042308
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tropopause Pressure Levels (TPLs) Across the Northern Hemisphere H. Asakereh & S. Zandkarimi https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2
- Exploring ozone variability in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using dynamical coordinates L. Millán et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7927-2024
- Analysis of Turbulence Reports and ERA5 Turbulence Diagnostics in a Tropopause‐Based Vertical Framework T. Kaluza et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100036
- Multi-parameter dynamical diagnostics for upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric studies L. Millán et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2957-2023
- Transport of Biomass Burning Aerosol into the Extratropical Tropopause Region over Europe via Warm Conveyor Belt Uplift P. Joppe et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15077-2025
- Contribution of gravity waves to shear in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere: insights from idealized baroclinic life cycle experiments M. Umbarkar & D. Kunkel https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10159-2025
- Influence of radiosonde observations on the sharpness and altitude of the midlatitude tropopause in the ECMWF IFS K. Krüger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-491-2024
- Evidence of gravity wave contribution to vertical shear and mixing in the lower stratosphere M. Umbarkar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-12067-2026
- Studies on the propagation dynamics and source mechanism of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves observed over São Martinho da Serra (29° S, 53° W), Brazil C. Wrasse et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5405-2024
- Gravity-wave-induced cross-isentropic mixing: a DEEPWAVE case study H. Lachnitt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-355-2023
- Simulated mixing in the UTLS by small-scale turbulence using multi-scale chemistry-climate model MECO(n) C. Chau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13123-2025
- Long-term changes in the thermodynamic structure of the lowermost stratosphere inferred from reanalysis data F. Weyland et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1227-2025
- Characteristics of the vertical distributions of atmospheric turbulence under different tropopause structures over the Kansu Corridor in early winter K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ae7a00
- Impact of cirrus on extratropical tropopause structure N. Emig et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13077-2025
- Occurrence frequency of subcritical Richardson numbers assessed by global high-resolution radiosonde and ERA5 reanalysis J. Shao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12589-2023
- Parametrizing the mixing by clear air turbulence in the chemistry climate model EMAC and its respective radiative impact C. Chau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3637-2026
- The influence of extratropical cross-tropopause mixing on the correlation between ozone and sulfate aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere P. Joppe et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7499-2024
- The Impacts of Gravity Waves and Wind Shear on the Lifecycle of Cirrus Clouds in the Tropical Tropopause Layer E. Jensen et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042308
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 08 Sep 2026
Short summary
We present a 10-year analysis on the occurrence of strong wind shear in the Northern Hemisphere, focusing on the region around the transport barrier that separates the first two layers of the atmosphere. The major result of our analysis is that strong wind shear above a certain threshold occurs frequently and nearly exclusively in this region, which, as an indicator for turbulent mixing, might have major implications concerning the separation efficiency of the transport barrier.
We present a 10-year analysis on the occurrence of strong wind shear in the Northern Hemisphere,...