Waviness of the Southern Hemisphere wintertime polar and subtropical jets

Martin, Jonathan E.; Norton, Taylor

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-875-2023

Articles | Volume 4, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-875-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-875-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 4, issue 4

Research article

|

20 Oct 2023

Research article |

| 20 Oct 2023

Waviness of the Southern Hemisphere wintertime polar and subtropical jets

Jonathan E. Martin and Taylor Norton

Data sets

NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis NOAA https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html

JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Daily 3-Hourly and 6-Hourly Data NCAR https://doi.org/10.5065/D6HH6H41

Model code and software

GEMPAK 5 Part I - GEMPAK 5 programmer's guide, National Aeronautics and Space Administration M. L. desJardins, K. F. Brill, and S. S. Schotz https://github.com/Unidata/Gempak/releases

Short summary

The polar and subtropical jets are important weather-producing features and influential governors of regional climate. This study considers trends in the waviness of the two jets in Southern Hemisphere winter using three data sets and reveals three important results: (1) the waviness of both jets has increased since about 1960, (2) only the maximum speed of the subtropical jet has increased, and (3) both the polar and subtropical jets have been shifting poleward over the last several decades.