Articles | Volume 4, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-875-2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-875-2023
Research article
 | 
20 Oct 2023
Research article |  | 20 Oct 2023

Waviness of the Southern Hemisphere wintertime polar and subtropical jets

Jonathan E. Martin and Taylor Norton

Related subject area

Other aspects of weather and climate dynamics
The importance of regional sea-ice variability for the coastal climate and near-surface temperature gradients in Northeast Greenland
Sonika Shahi, Jakob Abermann, Tiago Silva, Kirsty Langley, Signe Hillerup Larsen, Mikhail Mastepanov, and Wolfgang Schöner
Weather Clim. Dynam., 4, 747–771, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-747-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-747-2023, 2023
Short summary
Decadal variability and trends in extratropical Rossby wave packet amplitude, phase, and phase speed
Georgios Fragkoulidis
Weather Clim. Dynam., 3, 1381–1398, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1381-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1381-2022, 2022
Short summary
Stratospheric intrusion depth and its effect on surface cyclogenetic forcing: an idealized potential vorticity (PV) inversion experiment
Michael A. Barnes, Thando Ndarana, Michael Sprenger, and Willem A. Landman
Weather Clim. Dynam., 3, 1291–1309, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1291-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1291-2022, 2022
Short summary
Supercell convective environments in Spain based on ERA5: hail and non-hail differences
Carlos Calvo-Sancho, Javier Díaz-Fernández, Yago Martín, Pedro Bolgiani, Mariano Sastre, Juan Jesús González-Alemán, Daniel Santos-Muñoz, José Ignacio Farrán, and María Luisa Martín
Weather Clim. Dynam., 3, 1021–1036, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1021-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1021-2022, 2022
Short summary
Trends in the tropospheric general circulation from 1979 to 2022
Adrian J. Simmons
Weather Clim. Dynam., 3, 777–809, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-777-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-777-2022, 2022
Short summary

Cited articles

Archer, C. L. and Caldeira, K.: Historical trends in the jet stream, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L08803, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033614, 2008. 
Bals-Elsholz, T. M., Atallah, E. H., Bosart, L. F., Wasula, T. A., Cempa, M. J., and Lupo, A. R.: The wintertime Southern Hemisphere split jet: Structure, variability, and evolution, J. Climate, 14, 4191–4215, 2001. 
Barnes, E. A.: Revisiting the evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in midlatitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 4734–4739, 2013. 
Barnes, E. A. and Polvani, L.: Response of the midlatitude jets, and of their variability, to increased greenhouse gases in the CMIP5 models, J. Climate, 26, 7117–7135, 2013. 
Barnes, E. A. and Screen, J. A.: The impact of Arctic warming on the midlatitude jet-stream: Can it? Has it? Will it?, WIREs Clim. Change, 6, 277–286, https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.337, 2015. 
Download
Short summary
The polar and subtropical jets are important weather-producing features and influential governors of regional climate. This study considers trends in the waviness of the two jets in Southern Hemisphere winter using three data sets and reveals three important results: (1) the waviness of both jets has increased since about 1960, (2) only the maximum speed of the subtropical jet has increased, and (3) both the polar and subtropical jets have been shifting poleward over the last several decades.