Articles | Volume 5, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1299-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1299-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
24 Oct 2024
Review article |
| 24 Oct 2024
| 24 Oct 2024
The importance of diabatic processes for the dynamics of synoptic-scale extratropical weather systems – a review
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Suzanne L. Gray
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Cited
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Detecting atmospheric fronts based on diabatic processes using the dynamic state index (DSI) L. Mack et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-026-01141-y
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- Variability of marine heatwaves and atmospheric cyclones in the Mediterranean Sea during the last four decades Y. Androulidakis & I. Pytharoulis https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adb505
- The latent heating feedback effect on storm tracks in current and future climates H. Auestad et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01421-9
- Characteristics of diabatically influenced cyclones with high wind damage potential in Europe S. Christ et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.70083
- Distinct bias structures for extratropical cyclones with strong or weak diabatic heating Q. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1117-2026
- Northern Hemisphere Seasonal Cycle of Explosive Growth and Decay of Storms J. Frederiksen & S. Osbrough https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17050499
- Changing Northern Hemisphere weather linked to warming amplification in High Mountain Asia Y. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02883-0
- Convection-Permitting Ability in Simulating an Extratropical Cyclone Case over Southeastern South America M. Magalhães et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16060675
- An appraisal of the value of simulated weather data for quantifying coastal flood hazard in the Netherlands C. de Valk & H. van den Brink https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1769-2025
- The role of radiation in the Northern Hemisphere troposphere-to-stratosphere transport T. Müürsepp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-547-2026
- Identifying the diabatic processes driving the evolution of a sting jet: the case of Storm Ciarán A. Volonté et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1241-2026
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A synoptic view of the atmospheric circulation response to SST anomalies in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension Region: the importance of latent heating structure D. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01340-9
- Detecting atmospheric fronts based on diabatic processes using the dynamic state index (DSI) L. Mack et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-026-01141-y
- On the impact of ice formation processes and sedimentation on cirrus origin classification in warm conveyor belt outflow T. Lüttmer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10245-2025
- An Eulerian evaluation of intense low-pressure systems over North America in CMIP6 and a regional climate model V. De Meyer et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-026-08260-7
- A kinematic analysis of extratropical cyclones, warm conveyor belts and atmospheric rivers H. Dacre & P. Clark https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00942-z
- A new look at the jet-storm track relationship in the North Pacific and North Atlantic N. Zilibotti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-201-2026
- Seasonal and regional jet stream changes and drivers P. Breul et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-025-00749-9
- The interaction of warm conveyor belt outflows with the upper-level waveguide: a four-type climatological classification S. Vishnupriya et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1195-2025
- Identifying controls of extratropical cyclone intensity at genesis time and during intensification in the North Atlantic and Europe J. Cornér et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-873-2026
- Investigating ice formation pathways using a novel two-moment multi-class cloud microphysics scheme T. Lüttmer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4505-2025
- Variability of marine heatwaves and atmospheric cyclones in the Mediterranean Sea during the last four decades Y. Androulidakis & I. Pytharoulis https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adb505
- The latent heating feedback effect on storm tracks in current and future climates H. Auestad et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01421-9
- Characteristics of diabatically influenced cyclones with high wind damage potential in Europe S. Christ et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.70083
- Distinct bias structures for extratropical cyclones with strong or weak diabatic heating Q. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1117-2026
- Northern Hemisphere Seasonal Cycle of Explosive Growth and Decay of Storms J. Frederiksen & S. Osbrough https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17050499
- Changing Northern Hemisphere weather linked to warming amplification in High Mountain Asia Y. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02883-0
- Convection-Permitting Ability in Simulating an Extratropical Cyclone Case over Southeastern South America M. Magalhães et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16060675
- An appraisal of the value of simulated weather data for quantifying coastal flood hazard in the Netherlands C. de Valk & H. van den Brink https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1769-2025
- The role of radiation in the Northern Hemisphere troposphere-to-stratosphere transport T. Müürsepp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-547-2026
- Identifying the diabatic processes driving the evolution of a sting jet: the case of Storm Ciarán A. Volonté et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1241-2026
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Short summary
The science of extratropical dynamics has reached a new level where the interplay of dry dynamics with effects of latent heating in clouds and other diabatic processes is considered central to the field. This review documents how research about the role of diabatic processes evolved over more than a century; it highlights that progress relied essentially on the integration of theory, field campaigns, novel diagnostics, and numerical modelling, and it outlines avenues for future research.
The science of extratropical dynamics has reached a new level where the interplay of dry...
