Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1045-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1045-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Oct 2025
Research article |
| 06 Oct 2025
| 06 Oct 2025
QBOi El Niño–Southern Oscillation experiments: overview of the experimental design and ENSO modulation of the QBO
Yoshio Kawatani
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Kevin Hamilton
International Pacific Research Center, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
Shingo Watanabe
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan
Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Masakazu Taguchi
Aichi University of Education, Department of Science Education, Kariya, Japan
Federico Serva
Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council (ISMAR-CNR), Rome, Italy
James A. Anstey
Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), Victoria, BC, Canada
Jadwiga H. Richter
U.S. National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA
Neal Butchart
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Clara Orbe
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), New York, USA
Scott M. Osprey
National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Hiroaki Naoe
Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Tsukuba, Japan
Dillon Elsbury
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
NOAA/Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Chih-Chieh Chen
U.S. National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA
Javier García-Serrano
Group of Meteorology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Anne Glanville
U.S. National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA
Tobias Kerzenmacher
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research–Atmospheric Trace Gases and Remote Sensing (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
François Lott
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), Paris, France
Froila M. Palmeiro
Group of Meteorology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Mijeong Park
U.S. National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA
Stefan Versick
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research–Atmospheric Trace Gases and Remote Sensing (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
Kohei Yoshida
Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Tsukuba, Japan
Data sets
Transformed Eulerian mean data from the ERA5 reanalysis (daily means) (0.1.1) Federico Serva https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7081436
Short summary
The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) of the tropical stratospheric mean winds has been relatively steady over the 7 decades it has been observed, but there are always cycle-to-cycle variations. This study used several global atmospheric models to investigate systematic modulation of the QBO by the El Niño/La Niña cycle. All models simulated shorter periods during El Niño, in agreement with observations. By contrast, the models disagreed even on the sign of the El Niño effect on QBO amplitude.
The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) of the tropical stratospheric mean winds has been...
