Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1515-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1515-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Dynamics, predictability, impacts and climate change considerations of the catastrophic Mediterranean Storm Daniel (2023)
Emmanouil Flaounas
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Athens, Greece
Stavros Dafis
National Observatory of Athens, Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, I. Metaxa & Vas. Pavlou, P. Penteli (Lofos Koufou), 15236 Athens, Greece
Silvio Davolio
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
Davide Faranda
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, UMR 8212 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay & IPSL, CE Saclay l'Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
London Mathematical Laboratory, 8 Margravine Gardens, London W6 8RH, UK
LMD/IPSL, ENS, Université PSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
Christian Ferrarin
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Institute of Marine Sciences, Venice, Italy
Katharina Hartmuth
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Assaf Hochman
Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
Aristeidis Koutroulis
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece
Samira Khodayar
Mediterranean Centre for Environmental Studies (CEAM), Charles R. Darwin Street, 14 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
Mario Marcello Miglietta
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
Florian Pantillon
LAERO, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France
Platon Patlakas
Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Athens, Greece
Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Michael Sprenger
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Iris Thurnherr
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Model code and software
Source code of the Lagrangian moisture source and transport diagnostic WaterSip V3.2.1 H. Sodemann https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16745927
Short summary
Storm Daniel (2023) is one of the most catastrophic storms ever documented in the Mediterranean. Our results highlight the different dynamics and therefore the different predictability skill of precipitation, its extremes and impacts that have been produced in Greece and Libya, the two most affected countries. Our approach concerns an analysis of the storm by articulating dynamics, weather prediction, hydrological and oceanographic implications, climate extremes, and attribution theory.
Storm Daniel (2023) is one of the most catastrophic storms ever documented in the Mediterranean....