Weather and Climate Dynamics
Weather and Climate Dynamics
WCD
Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-387-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-387-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
Research article
 | 
11 Apr 2025
Research article |  | 11 Apr 2025

An ERA5 climatology of synoptic-scale negative potential vorticity–jet interactions over the western North Atlantic

Alexander Lojko, Andrew C. Winters, Annika Oertel, Christiane Jablonowski, and Ashley E. Payne

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Short summary
Convective storms can produce intense anticyclonically rotating vortices (~10 km) defined by negative potential vorticity (NPV), which can elongate to larger scales (~1000 km). Our composite analysis shows that elongated NPV frequently occurs along the western North Atlantic tropopause, where we observed it enhancing jet stream kinematics. Elongated NPV may impinge on aviation turbulence and weather forecasting despite its small-scale origin.
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