Weather and Climate Dynamics
Weather and Climate Dynamics
WCD
Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-669-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-669-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
Research article
 | 
25 Jun 2025
Research article |  | 25 Jun 2025

The future North Atlantic jet stream and storm track: relative contributions from sea ice and sea surface temperature changes

Daniel Köhler, Petri Räisänen, Tuomas Naakka, Kalle Nordling, and Victoria A. Sinclair

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Short summary
We study the impacts of globally increasing sea surface temperatures and sea ice loss on the atmosphere in wintertime. In future climates, the jet stream shifts southward over the North Atlantic and extends further over Europe. Increasing sea surface temperatures drives these changes. The region of high activity of low-pressure systems is projected to move east towards Europe. Future increasing sea surface temperatures and sea ice loss contribute with similar magnitude to the eastward shift.
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