Articles | Volume 7, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1619-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1619-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
02 Sep 2026
Research article |
| 02 Sep 2026
| 02 Sep 2026
An energetic perspective on the impact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability on the West African Monsoon
Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Instituto de Geociencias IGEO (UCM-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Paul-Arthur Monerie
National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Department of Meteorology, P.O. Box 243, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6BB, UK
Juliette Mignot
LOCEAN/IPSL, IRD/Sorbonne Université/CNRS/MNHN, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
Simona Bordoni
Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
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A modeling framework is introduced to understand and decompose the mechanisms causing the ocean temperature, salinity and circulation to change since the pre-industrial period and into 21st century scenarios of global warming. This framework aims to look at the response to changes in the winds and in heat and freshwater exchanges at the ocean interface in global climate models, throughout the 1850–2100 period, to unravel their individual effects on the changing physical structure of the ocean.
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Short summary
In this study, we show that the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, with warmer North Atlantic surface temperatures, enhances local latent heat release and net energy input into the atmosphere. The excess energy is exported through a northward shift of the tropical rain belt, leading to increased rainfall over the Sahel. Deep convection is also enhanced while mid-level dry-air intrusion is reduced due to a weakening of the shallow meridional circulation over the Sahara.
In this study, we show that the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, with...
