Articles | Volume 7, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1797-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1797-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Sep 2026
Research article |
| 16 Sep 2026
| 16 Sep 2026
Extratropical teleconnections in a multi-model ensemble nudged towards the observed QBO
Martin B. Andrews
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC), Exeter, UK
Neal Butchart
Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC), Exeter, UK
James A. Anstey
Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Ewa Bednarz
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, CO, USA
Dillon Elsbury
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, CO, USA
Jorge L. García-Franco
Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
Escuela Nacional de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Vinay Kumar
Radio and Atmospheric Physics Lab, Rajdhani College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
Froila M. Palmeiro
CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Natasha E. Trencham
Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
Kohei Yoshida
Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, Japan
Zhaoyang Chai
Earth System Numerical Simulation Science Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Dong-Chan Hong
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Kai Huang
Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Earth Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
Aleena M. Jaison
Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Yoshio Kawatani
Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Jeff R. Knight
Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC), Exeter, UK
Pu Lin
Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA), Princeton, NJ, USA
François Lott
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD)/IPSL, Paris, France
Yixiong Lu
Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
Hiroaki Naoe
Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, Japan
Scott M. Osprey
National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Jadwiga H. Richter
Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Federico Serva
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Marine Sciences (CNR-ISMAR), Rome, Italy
Seok-Woo Son
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
Shingo Watanabe
Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Jinbo Xie
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
High Meadows Environmental Institute (HMEI), Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
Data sets
QBOi Phase-2 Nudging Experiments J. Anstey et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19059510
Short summary
The observed winds in the upper atmosphere over the equator have alternating easterly and westerly regions that descend towards the lower atmosphere before dissipating, with a period of approximately 28 months. This is known as the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). The QBO is known to influence remote regions of the atmosphere. This paper details the results of multi-model experiments where the QBO is nudged towards the observed QBO allowing the assessment of these remote connections.
The observed winds in the upper atmosphere over the equator have alternating easterly and...
