Weather and Climate Dynamics
Weather and Climate Dynamics
WCD
Articles | Volume 7, issue 4
Articles | Volume 7, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-2155-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-2155-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 7, issue 4
Research article
 | 
05 Nov 2026
Research article |  | 05 Nov 2026

Boreal autumn to winter North Atlantic atmosphere–ocean coupling in large ensemble climate simulations

Yvonne Anderson, Amanda C. Maycock, Juliane Schwendike, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Simon A. Josey, and Doug M. Smith

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Short summary
This study assessed how well climate models represent relationships between the North Atlantic ocean and atmosphere in autumn and winter. While models simulate observed relationships in autumn and winter, they fail to capture them in the transition between seasons. The results suggest the link between autumn sea surface temperatures and the winter atmosphere is driven mainly by atmospheric rather than ocean processes, highlighting important model biases that may limit seasonal forecast skill.
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