Weather and Climate Dynamics
Weather and Climate Dynamics
WCD
Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1857-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-1857-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
Research article
 | 
18 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 18 Dec 2025

Physical drivers of the November 2023 heatwave in Rio de Janeiro

Catherine C. Ivanovich, Adam H. Sobel, Radley M. Horton, Ana M. B. Nunes, Rosmeri Porfírio da Rocha, and Suzana J. Camargo

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Short summary
Here we identify the drivers of Rio de Janeiro’s record-breaking November 2023 heatwave. We find that springtime extreme heat in the city is becoming more frequent and heat events of the magnitude experienced in November 2023 may become significantly more likely with continued climate change. These results characterizing the evolving risk for extreme heat in Rio de Janeiro are essential for the city’s development of targeted hazard management plans.
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