Weather and Climate Dynamics
Weather and Climate Dynamics
WCD
Articles | Volume 7, issue 3
Articles | Volume 7, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1117-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-7-1117-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 7, issue 3
Research article
 | 
06 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 06 Jul 2026

Distinct bias structures for extratropical cyclones with strong or weak diabatic heating

Qidi Yu, Clemens Spensberger, Linus Magnusson, and Thomas Spengler

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Short summary
Forecast biases of winter extratropical cyclones are quantified by varying diabatic heating intensity. A southwest shift and underestimated intensity are found in the strong heating group. The weaker heating group mainly shows an intensity bias. Specific biases are identified for wind, moisture, temperature, and upper-level circulation fields. Findings highlight that representing moist processes and their interaction with atmospheric dynamics is a key area for future model developments.
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