Decline in Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Misios, Stergios; Logothetis, Ioannis; Knudsen, Mads F.; Karoff, Christoffer; Amiridis, Vassilis; Tourpali, Kleareti

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-811-2022

Articles | Volume 3, issue 3

https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-811-2022

© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-811-2022

© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 3, issue 3

Research article

|

29 Jul 2022

Research article |

| 29 Jul 2022

Decline in Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Stergios Misios, Ioannis Logothetis, Mads F. Knudsen, Christoffer Karoff, Vassilis Amiridis, and Kleareti Tourpali

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Final revised paper (published on 29 Jul 2022)
Supplement to the final revised paper
Preprint (discussion started on 21 Mar 2022)
Supplement to the preprint

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

RC1:
'Comment on wcd-2022-16', Anonymous Referee #1, 06 Apr 2022

The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://wcd.copernicus.org/preprints/wcd-2022-16/wcd-2022-16-RC1-supplement.pdf

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2022-16-RC1
- AC2: 'Reply on RC1', Stergios Misios, 15 May 2022
  
  The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://wcd.copernicus.org/preprints/wcd-2022-16/wcd-2022-16-AC2-supplement.pdf
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2022-16-AC2
RC2:
'Comment on wcd-2022-16', Anonymous Referee #2, 08 Apr 2022

The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://wcd.copernicus.org/preprints/wcd-2022-16/wcd-2022-16-RC2-supplement.pdf

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2022-16-RC2
- AC1: 'Reply on RC2', Stergios Misios, 10 May 2022
  
  The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://wcd.copernicus.org/preprints/wcd-2022-16/wcd-2022-16-AC1-supplement.pdf
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2022-16-AC1

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload

AR by Stergios Misios on behalf of the Authors (17 May 2022) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (18 May 2022) by Heini Wernli

RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (05 Jun 2022)

For final publication, the manuscript should be

accepted as is

accepted subject to technical corrections

accepted subject to minor revisions

reconsidered after major revisions

rejected

Were a revised manuscript to be sent for another round of reviews:

I would be willing to review the revised manuscript.

I would not be willing to review the revised manuscript.

Suggestions for revision or reasons for rejection

Second round of review comments on the submitted article “Decline of Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium” by Misios S, Logothetis I, Knudsen M F, Karoff C, Amiridis V and Tourpali K.

General comments
The authors have made a significant effort to address the overwhelming majority of my many comments and the other referee. The manuscript has been improved and now reads much better. I have only some minor comments that could be considered prior to the acceptance of the manuscript for publication by Weather and Climate Dynamics.

Specific Comments
L22: “in the extreme case of the eruption of the Samalas”
L31-32: “between the high-pressure systems covering central Europe and the Balkans and the Anatolian low-pressure system”
L33: “the topography of the EMed channels”?
L34: “northwesterly direction”
Introduction and elsewhere: Please replace “Etesians” by “The Etesians”
L39: “over the Aegean Sea”
L41,48, 49 and elsewhere: I am not a native speaker of English myself but I think that since the focus of the study is on atmospheric responses (and not in the ocean), it is more appropriate to write “over the EMed”. The authors may wish to check with a native speaker and change this throughout the manuscript.
L47: “an important source that modulates interannual variability”?
L57: “Chronis et al. (2011)…. You may want to start a new sentence here.
L79-80: This is a bit awkward sentence. Please rephrase.
L103-107: This is a very long sentence with many parentheses that makes it difficult to understand. Please rephrase.
L127: “Etesian winds”
L145: “We first analyse..”
L147-150: Please rephrase this long sentence.
Figure 5 and Section 3.2: I might miss something but the anomalies following the eruption of Tambora (Fig. 5c) receive minimum attention in this section. However, the anomalies both over the eastern Mediterranean and India are statistically significant. Please comment.
L217-219: Causality is not addressed by this study so it may be better to write “This indicates a weakened SLP pressure gradient over the Aegean Sea, which is associated with reduced wind speeds, as evidenced with the southerly anomalies of about 1 m/s (arrows in Figure 5 and Sup. Figure 2).
L223: “increasing shortwave heating”?
L225-227: I am sorry but I still cannot figure out where to look for the anomalous northwesterly anomalies over the Arabian Sea in Fig. 5e. Is it near the coast of Saudi Arabia? Please clarify.
L247: “Figure 6e”
L282: “given that they induce negligible cooling to the tropics”
Fig 1e, Fig. 4 & L471: I would recommend the use units of “hPa” throughout the manuscript.

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ED: Publish subject to technical corrections (07 Jun 2022) by Heini Wernli

AR by Stergios Misios on behalf of the Authors (15 Jun 2022) Author's response Manuscript

Short summary

We investigate the impact of strong volcanic eruptions on the northerly Etesian winds blowing in the eastern Mediterranean. Μodel simulations of the last millennium demonstrate a robust reduction in the total number of days with Etesian winds in the post-eruption summers. The decline in the Etesian winds is attributed to a weakened Indian summer monsoon in the post-eruption summer. These findings could improve seasonal predictions of the wind circulation in the eastern Mediterranean.