Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-317-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-317-2025
Research article
 | 
20 Mar 2025
Research article |  | 20 Mar 2025

Assessing the skill of high-impact weather forecasts in southern South America: a study on cut-off lows

Belén Choquehuanca, Alejandro Anibal Godoy, and Ramiro Ignacio Saurral

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Cited articles

Binder, H., Rivière, G., Arbogast, P., Maynard, K., Bosser, P., Joly, B., and Labadie, C.: Dynamics of forecast-error growth along cut-off Sanchez and its consequence for the prediction of a high-impact weather event over southern France, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 147, 3263–3285, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4127, 2021. 
Bozkurt, D., Rondanelli, R., Garreaud, R., and Arriagada A.: Impact of Warmer Eastern Tropical Pacific SST on the March 2015 Atacama Floods, Mon. Weather Rev., 144, 4441–4460, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-16-0041.1, 2016. 
Campetella, C. M. and Possia, N. E.: Upper-level cut-off lows in southern South America, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 96, 181–191, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-006-0227-2, 2007. 
Choquehuanca, B., Godoy, A., and Saurral, R.: Evaluating cut-off lows forecast from the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecasting System (GEFS) in southern South America. Session 27: Hazards and Extreme events in The WCRP Open Science Conference (Kigali, Rwanda), 23–27 October 2023, https://wcrp-osc2023.org/images/programme/posters/BELEN_CHOQUEHUANCA_abstract.pdf (last access: 10 March 2025), 2023. 
Curtis, S., Fair, A., Wistow, J., Val, D., and Over, K.: Impact of extreme weather and climate change for health and social care systems, Environ. Health, 16, 128, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0324-3, 2017. 
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Short summary
High-impact surface weather over southern South America is often caused by synoptic-scale weather systems known as cut-off lows (COLs). To better understand the forecast uncertainties associated with COLs in that region, we evaluated the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) performance in a hotspot area of COLs over southern South America. COLs tend to be weak and slow in the GEFS, potentially affecting the environmental conditions that trigger heavy rainfall over the study region.
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